Stock Forex

One last use for options is a “hedge.” A hedge is like an insurance policy. You hedge to limit your downside.

Let’s say you just spent $10,000 and purchased 100 shares of stock at $100 each. You think the stock is low (either the company is really profitable or that the stock has gone down — hit a low). That’s a lot of money to have tied up. You have unlimited upside potential and all the time in the world because you actually own the stock. Your only risk is a dip in the price of the stock.

To ensure against a loss in your stock value, buy a $100 put, or even a $95 put (if you are willing to lose a little). Yes, you could put in a stop loss, at, say, $97 and only lose $300, but what about a drop to $70 wherein you could lose $3,000. The $100 put is, say, $2. One contract (controlling 100 shares—the same amount you own) would cost $200 plus commission. If you never exercise the put, that’s $200 out the window. You bought the stock hoping it would go up, and if it does your $200 ($2 put) goes down in value. Any increase in the value of your $10,000 investment will be offset by this loss. However, if the stock goes down, and I mean seriously down, this $200 will be money well spent. If the stock goes down to $80 (assuming this is still before the expiration date of the put) your put will be worth at least $20. It could be $22 to $25 depending on any time value still built into the put premium.

Think of this. You could sell the stock for $80 and also sell the put premium for $20. That’s $8,000 and $2,000 respec­tively. You’ve broken even. You see the insurance-against-loss aspect of this. You could lose $200 or at least have your profits offset by this amount, but you can make up all your losses with the proper put.

Two more ideas: the $95 put might be purchased for 25tf when the stock is at $100. One contract would be $25 plus commissions. This lower strike price and the corresponding lower put premium will let you buy a put further out (say 5 to 6 months) for a lower price. Your risk is $500 plus the put premium. Why $500? Because you’ve lost the amount between $100 for the stock and $95. 100 shares times $5 equals $500.

The $100 put is $2 and it’s only out one to two months. I usually buy the short term puts at the higher strike price (out one to two months and then reevaluate the situation: com­pany news, the stock price near the expiration date, et cetera) or further out puts below the strike price. They’re cheaper but also give you more time.

By looking at the company’s chart you can determine how much you want to spend, how much time you want to buy, and how much risk you want to hedge.

Combo

You could also buy a call with a $100 or $110 strike price. If you’re certain this stock is a winner, go ahead and buy the stock for $10,000, but spend $500 and purchase the $105 calls out two to three months. If the stock rises, you’ll see first hand how the riskier option plays produce the greater returns.

By definition, a straddle is writing (selling) a call option and a put option on the same stock with the same strike price and expiration date. In the sameness is the simplicity. The same stock. The same number of contracts (call and put). The same strike price. The same expiration date. Notice that I am selling both a call and a put, which generates money into my account from both sales. Though it is not exactly doubling my cash in, it does come close to doing that.

There are some potentially expensive risks, however. This is not a strategy for everyone. If the stock suddenly makes a big move in either direction, I could be caught. Remember, I haven’t bought any stock and I have sold someone the right to force me to sell the stock to or buy stock from them.

If the stock goes up and I get called out, I will have to buy the stock (in order to sell it). Since the stock went up, the person who bought the put option (who was betting that the stock would go down) is not likely to exercise his or her option. This is because he or she can sell their stock for more on the open market than they could force me to buy it for. The put option will expire.

If the stock goes down or stays under the strike price, I don’t have to worry about being called out because the person who bought the call option from me can buy the stock on the open market for less than they would have to pay if they exercised the option and bought the stock directly from me. The person who bought the put, however, can force me to buy his/her stock for the option price.

This is not a loss. I am simply paying more for the stock than I might have. What I get when I sell the stock will determine whether I have a gain or loss. The money I received from selling the options will offset the difference between what I paid and what I sold the stock for.

Before I write a straddle, I spend a lot of time with my broker evaluating what the cash flow will be and what the risk of loss could be. I won’t typically write a straddle unless the risk potential and the cash flow is substantial. You’ll need to make your own decisions in this area. Most of the time, the stock stays close to the strike price and both options expire leaving me with all the money. Occasionally, one of the options will be exercised and I’ll have to give back some of the premium I received from selling the options, but I get to keep most of it.

You can’t always tell where the your business is going without any help from the experts. You could use forex trading signals to help you make the right decisions.

Here is a micro point on these movements. I think good news plays out in days. However, it can take months for company’s stock prices to recover from bad news.

Now, if you’re playing the stock, either long or short, the length of time is crucial to your profitability. However, if you’re playing stock options, a high point and then small percentage down in the stock, or a bottom and small recovery in the stock ($1 to $5) could produce drastic profits.

Define A Joke

Watching “Data” on Star Trek is a lesson in human behavior. Laughing (getting a joke) is difficult—at least the timing is difficult. Data doesn’t get jokes. He can’t tell one, or understand the punchline. I saw a bad movie (Solo) and the humanoid (machine) questioned why everyone was laughing. “A joke,” he was told. Obviously, he wants to know what a joke is. No good explanation was given. Let me try my hand at it. I’ll then get back to booms and busts. A joke is a story, and at the end a complete surprise occurs, either in the actions of the participants, or a twist in words, with unexpected meaning, hidden meaning, or a nuance to something else. Based on your point of reference, the company you’re in, or the mood you’re in, determines your response—a chuckle, a scoff or a belly laugh, et cetera.

It is the twist, or reversal that interests me. Never has a movie brought tears to my eyes as the end of Steel Magno­lias—then in a half second, everyone is busting a gut laugh­ing. The writer played our emotions like a maestro. The markets also thrive on fear and greed, and unexpected rever­sals.

Change Is Inevitable

When stocks move up or down—either unexpectedly or in reaction to news, especially if they move quickly, there is a high incidence of a major divergence. A favorite play is to buy a call on the low-side turnaround, and buy a put on the top­side turnaround.

A perception of the facts (right or wrong), starts the move­ment. Activity breeds activity and more investors rush in. They listen to current events and future predictions and that subse­quently affects the price. Their purchasing/selling is integral to the process. New information—either right or wrong tests the strength or weakness of the previous assumption/activity, and the price is sustained or divergence occurs. A short term profit can be made. It’s quick and semi-predictable. Get in and out before anyone ever sees (or reacts to) the trend.

Now, use your profits to increase your holdings in great companies. It is the very boom and bust cycle (volatility) which gets me excited. Most investors run from the boom and bust scenario, however, some of us profit big time from this technique.

If you think the stock market is logical, or that a certain move in a particular stock price is logical, then I will show you dozens of illogical moves! Can you predict a price change— 100% of the time? No. Can you do your best to make a calculated risk? Yes.

Try this one on for size. When a stock price starts to rise, it creates excitement. The higher it goes (or the faster the rise) the more investors want in on the action. It rises more. More investors buy in. It rises and rises, sometimes 10 to 20% in a few days. Then … it stops! Does it just stay there? Or does it swing back down? Usually it falls, as investors’ sentiment takes it the other way.

I’ll give a 5-step process in a while, but first, what is happening here? Which price was right—the price two weeks ago at $80 a share, or the price now at $120. And three weeks from now, what will be right? The $90 price which the stock has fallen back to, or the $80 or high of $120?

What did supply and demand have to do with this? What about the market always being right, or a search for equilib­rium, or any other high-falutin’ theory exposed by a guru of Wall Street? Maybe, just maybe, this $30 run up was because a competitor’s Indonesia mining operation turned sour. But look what the “herd” did!

Here’s another one. Throughout this past year employ­ment reports have been good—more people employed. To me this should be good news. It means more people working, paying taxes, and not living off the government. It means more savings, more spending and all the other great things that help make a bigger American pie.

But, no. The stock market (DJIA) falls 80 points. Why? Because, as those wonderful things happen, inflation will go up, then the Feds, in nine months or a year, will edge up interest rates; corporate profits will decline slightly in 12 to 18 months, so the stocks price will fall. But they fall now in anticipation of this chain of events—which no one can predict anyway.

I rest my case for craziness. However, this last point does make a nice segue to a discussion of future events.

Supply and Demand. There is a common “wish” that all things be simple. And even if complicated, at least that they be explainable and definable. Do markets move due to a supply and a demand? Yes, to an extent, but there is too much sentiment, too many desires, and far too many biases which come into play.

Market Sentiment

When you have sentimental responses to hard facts, you are bound to get a distortion. Those who believe in equilib­rium or that the market is a zero-sum game are often fooled. A fund manager may make a clever play one day, but then be hoisted on his own petard the next.

Market sentiment is a combination of multiple dynamics at work. If we were to achieve perfect knowledge, have perfect competition, and perfect responses to all this, and more importantly, if we could be detached from the game, then maybe we could pre-guess a movement. But we get nothing perfect and we are not detached. Indeed, we are a part of the course of events.

When we buy stocks, we’re part of the process that drives the stock up; when we sell, we are the opposite. The amount of stock movement depends on where the market is headed— what stage, or cycle it is in.

Influence

We, individually, have little influence, but collectively we have a lot. If we are in the game, buying a stock or many stocks, we contribute. We become part of the trend. We want safety so we go with the numbers—the “herd.”

This has never made sense to me—as most of the stock market makes no sense to me. I love “crazy!” Since I accumu­late wealth through chaos—at least, figuring out part of the chaos and capturing profits amidst it, and since I don’t have to continue in the trend, in fact I can be detached from it (as you can)—then you and I can make incredible returns.